million
baltic camps - SS POWs, nazi collaborators, rich, workers with families,
often educated, allies did not recognize as soviet citizens
polish - catholic, 300K repatriated, rest refused, not educated: nazis
killed intelligencia, land swapped from germany for taken by SU, ukranians
removed to own camps,
ukranians - nationalistic, collaborators, banderovtsy among them, political
agitation fom govts in excile
jewish - 15 diff nations, no desire to go back, emmig to Palestine
restricted by British, American lobby agitated for improved conditio pref.
treatment, chldren and elderly - dead, polish jews arrived later, zionist
agitators
UNRRA paid for belorusia and ukraine reconstruction
folksdoiche excilees (3mil from poland 1.5 mil from chechoslovakia) ustashi
POWs

balt and polish POW released into DP camps with little screening.

not enough US and Brit soldies to guard mil. installations. Employed
polish, balt an yugoslav ex pows in para-military guard duties
Brits did not want increased jewish emmigration to Palestine because that
would upset arabs, push them towards the soviets, give soviets access to
middle eastern oil us military tried to clise the non-jewish camps in aug
1946, US catholic lobby protested. Set up screening: ineffective because
refused soviet or jewish DP participation

10s of thousands of Polish Jews went to Germany in summer-fall of 1945 due
to anti-semitism
200k polish jews in SU
150-200K went to american DP camps, 400K cath pole DPs

Southern Dems are against jewish emigration

AJC to start effort agitating to bring DPs to US, trying to mask jewish
representation in new comittee, 72% of respondents to gallup poll were
against Truman requesting admission of eastern europeans above quota
CCDP - council lobbying to bring DP to US, jews were advertized as skilled
shoemakers and taylors

IRO relaxed eligibility, accepted waffen SS Galicia and balts so long as
they did not "volunteer"

us: christians/catholics have grater success in agitating for repatriation.
Jews may be communist sympathizer

800K POWs were in SU, 600K in France (on loan from US), 200K in UK

end of '47-48
when returned, labor shortage induced using DPs. Belgians wanted miners,
Brits wanted ukranians: suddenly ukes who pretended polish and poles who
spoke uke turned ukrainians. Brits wanted 1K swans: balt young women as TB
ward workers. Then poles, then ukrainians, never jews. refused to take
people from colonies, refused to discharge own soldiers. Needed unmarried,
able-bodied willing to leave relatives behind

UK ultimately took over 100K DPs few jews SS were ok (MI6 located nazi
collaboratirs and used tgem as spies to be delivered to baltic states,
mistly unsuccessfully), Australia took the most except US, few jews, SS ok,
South America encouraged rural immigration, functionally excluded Jews,
Canada preferred with local relatives, few jews. US ended draft in '47
touyed with and abandoned ideas of recruiting DPs into service for
citizenship. Army segregated, few blacks served.

nov '47 agreemen to partition palestine. Cites benny morrison,
brits do not allow a jewish port (jiffah) to open, fate of Exodus 1947
ship,

1/3 of IDF were DP conscripts, 1/3 of casualties. US military cooperated in
sending conscripts frim german camps to palestine

DPs were 16% of population of israel, 750K arabs were exciled

DP bill in US congress debate: dems afraid DPs are communists, 200K to
admit in two years 40% from annexec country (excludes poland), arrived to
DP camps before 1946(excludes jews who spent war in SU), rest 16%
agricultural workers

CIA used former DPs as future spies, State Department too, research
institution, Russia studies, operation bloodstone, took them straight from
DP camps

íÕËÏÌÁ ìÅÂÅÄ àðî, Bandera
soviet show trials in estonia in 1960ies

John Demyanyk, Iakiv Palyi, Feodor Fedorenko 100-ish peope deported

57K out of 350K DP visas were jews

latvian and polish sharecroppers, paid the same as blacks quickly left. Non
Jewish DPs were staunchly anti-communists. Half of poles voted for Ike, JFK
had to embrace anti-communist stance, firmer DOs voted republican since,

several K returned jewish DP returned after serving in Israel military
hoping to get a visa to US

1957 last jewish DP left the camp