compatibilism punishment vs. retribution determinism vs. random causation Laplasian determinism and the problem of free will invisiqble jailer evil neuro- surgeon,puppeteer, stage hypnotist free will - pure reason direct causation vs. reason for actions aristotle thought that brain was there to cool the blood dennet: mind/brain - a semantic engine mind - imperfect semantic engine free will - reasoning over acting on pure emotions some agents (animals, machines) behave reasonably because of their design (say evolution), not because they themselves have reason hobbsean (amoral) state of nature kantian will control vs. detereminism determinism vs. free will pattern can be distinguished by opponent and used to control the agent meta-control - puting object into place for better control agency self-reflection as a way to improve oneself and ones choices luck vs. skill opportuninty and and worth if deliberation in deterministic world opportunity does not depend on determinism: lottery drawing before or after tickets are sold un-avoidable nomological could have done otherwise contra-causal freedom laplasian determinism leads to nihilism assuming nigilism rejects it, duh! actualism free will requires believing in free will debate of Erasmus vs. Martin Luther on free will 16th century Compatibilism - wretched subterfuge according to Kant